Links Between Terrestrial Primary Production and Bacterial Production and Respiration in Lakes in a Climate Gradient in Subarctic Sweden - Jansson, Mats; Hickler, Thomas; Jonsson, Anders; Karlsson, Jan (Ecosystems, 2008)

A Biotic Agent Promotes Large-scale Catastrophic Change in the Coastal Marshes of Hudson Bay - Jefferies, Robert L.; Jano, Andrew P.; Abraham, Kenneth F. (Journal of Ecology, 2006)

Freshwater Resources. - Jiménez Cisneros, B.E.; T. Oki; N.W. Arnell; G. Benito; J.G. Cogley; P. Döll; T. Jiang; S.S. Mwakalila (Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014)

Climate-induced Variations in Global Wildfire Danger From 1979 to 2013 - Jolly, W. M.; Cochrane, M. A.; Freeborn, P. H.; Holden, Z. A.; Brown, T. J.; Williamson, G. J.; Bowman, D. M. (Nature Communications, 2015)

Twenty-First-Century Compatible CO2 Emissions and Airborne Fraction Simulated By CMIP5 Earth System Models Under Four Representative Concentration Pathways - Jones, Chris; Robertson, Eddy; Arora, Vivek; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Shevliakova, Elena; Bopp, Laurent; Brovkin, Victor; Hajima, Tomohiro; Kato, Etsushi; Kawamiya, Michio; Liddicoat, Spencer; Lindsay, Keith; et al. (Journal of Climate, 2013)

Impact of Climate Change Mitigation On Projections - Joos, F.; Frölicher, T.F.; Steinacher, M.; Plattner, G.K. (Ocean Acidification, 2011)

Resilience and Vulnerability of Permafrost To Climate Change - Jorgenson, M. Torre; Romanovsky, Vladimir; Harden, Jennifer; Shur, Yuri; O’Donnell, Jonathan; Schuur, Edward A. G.; Kanevskiy, Mikhail; Marchenko, Sergei (Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2010)

Compensatory Water Effects Link Yearly Global Land CO2 Sink Changes to Temperature - Jung, M.; Reichstein, M.; Schwalm, C. R.; Huntingford, C.; Sitch, S.; Ahlstrom, A.; Arneth, A.; Camps-Valls, G.; Ciais, P.; Friedlingstein, P.; Gans, F.; Ichii, K.; et al. (Nature, 2017)

Reduced methane growth rate explained by decreased Northern Hemisphere microbial sources - Kai, F. M.; Tyler, S. C.; Randerson, J. T.; Blake, D. R. (Nature, 2011)
Keywords: Agriculture/statistics & numerical data Animals Asia Atmosphere/*chemistry Biomass Fertilizers/utilization Fires Fossil Fuels/utilization *Geography Hydroxyl Radical/chemistry Methane/*analysis/metabolism Microbial Consortia/*physiology Oryza/metabolism Time Factors Water Supply/statistics & numerical data Wetlands

Alaska’s Changing Fire Regime — Implications For the Vulnerability of Its Boreal Forests - Kasischke, Eric S.; Verbyla, David L.; Rupp, T. Scott; McGuire, A. David; Murphy, Karen A.; Jandt, Randi; Barnes, Jennifer L.; Hoy, Elizabeth E.; Duffy, Paul A.; Calef, Monika; Turetsky, Merritt R. (Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2010)

Improved Understanding of Drought Controls On Seasonal Variation in Mediterranean Forest Canopy CO2 and Water Fluxes Through Combined in Situ Measurements and Ecosystem Modelling - Keenan, T.; García, R.; Friend, A. D.; Zaehle, S.; Gracia, C.; Sabate, S. (Biogeosciences, 2009)

Tidal Wetland Stability in the Face of Human Impacts and Sea-level Rise - Kirwan, M. L.; Megonigal, J. P. (Nature, 2013)
Keywords: Animals Climate Change Ecosystem Eutrophication Humans Oceans and Seas Tidal Waves *Wetlands

Growth and Carbon Relations of Mature Picea Abies Trees Under 5 years of Free-air CO2 Enrichment - Klein, Tamir; Bader, Martin K. F.; Leuzinger, Sebastian; Mildner, Manuel; Schleppi, Patrick; Siegwolf, Rolf T. W.; Körner, Christian; Lines, Emily (Journal of Ecology, 2016)

Global and Regional Drought Dynamics in the Climate warming Era - Kogan, Felix; Adamenko, Tatiana; Guo, Wei (Remote Sensing Letters, 2013)

A Simplified, Data-constrained Approach to Estimate the Permafrost Carbon-climate Feedback - Koven, C. D.; Schuur, E. A.; Schadel, C.; Bohn, T. J.; Burke, E. J.; Chen, G.; Chen, X.; Ciais, P.; Grosse, G.; Harden, J. W.; Hayes, D. J.; Hugelius, G.; et al. (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2015)
Keywords: Carbon/analysis/*chemistry Climate Change/*statistics & numerical data Computer Simulation Databases, Factual *Ecosystem Environmental Monitoring/*methods Feedback Freezing Models, Chemical *Models, Statistical Permafrost/*chemistry carbon-climate feedbacks climate change methane permafrost

Mountain Pine Beetle and Forest Carbon Feedback To Climate Change - Kurz, W. A.; Dymond, C. C.; Stinson, G.; Rampley, G. J.; Neilson, E. T.; Carroll, A. L.; Ebata, T.; Safranyik, L. (Nature, 2008)
Keywords: Animals Atmosphere/chemistry Beetles/*metabolism British Columbia Carbon/*metabolism Computer Simulation *Ecosystem Feedback, Physiological *Greenhouse Effect Monte Carlo Method Pinus/*metabolism Plant Diseases Trees/*metabolism

Decadal Variations and Trends of the Global Ocean Carbon Sink - Landschützer, Peter; Gruber, Nicolas; Bakker, Dorothee C. E. (Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2016)

Global Carbon Budget 2016 - Le Quéré, Corinne; Andrew, Robbie M.; Canadell, Josep G.; Sitch, Stephen; Korsbakken, Jan Ivar; Peters, Glen P.; Manning, Andrew C.; Boden, Thomas A.; Tans, Pieter P.; Houghton, Richard A.; Keeling, Ralph F.; Alin, Simone; et al. (Earth System Science Data, 2016)

Mixing Patterns and Plankton Biomass of the St. Lawrence Great Lakes Under Climate Change Scenarios - Lehman, John T. (Journal of Great Lakes Research, 2002)

Tipping Elements in the Earth's Climate System - Lenton, T. M.; Held, H.; Kriegler, E.; Hall, J. W.; Lucht, W.; Rahmstorf, S.; Schellnhuber, H. J. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2008)

Rapid Rebound of Soil Respiration Following Partial Stand Disturbance By Tree Girdling in a Temperate Deciduous Forest - Levy-Varon, J. H.; Schuster, W. S.; Griffin, K. L. (Oecologia, 2014)
Keywords: Biomass Carbon Cycle Carbon Dioxide/chemistry Linear Models New York Quercus/*physiology Soil/*chemistry *Stress, Physiological Trees/physiology

Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Continental Margins: a Global Synthesis - Liu, K.; Atkinson, K. L.; Quinones, R. A.; Talaue-McManus, L. (Springer Science and Business Media, 2010)

Partitioning Uncertainty in Ocean Carbon Uptake Projections: Internal Variability, Emission Scenario, and Model Structure - Lovenduski, Nicole S.; McKinley, Galen A.; Fay, Amanda R.; Lindsay, Keith; Long, Matthew C. (Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2016)

Terrestrial Carbon-cycle Feedback To Climate Warming - Luo, Y. (Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2007)

Parameter Identifiability, Constraint, and Equifinality in Data Assimilation With Ecosystem Models - Luo, Yiqi; Weng, Ensheng; Wu, Xiaowen; Gao, Chao; Zhou, Xuhui; Zhang, Li (Ecological Applications, 2009)

A Framework For Benchmarking Land Models - Luo, Y. Q.; Randerson, J. T.; Abramowitz, G.; Bacour, C.; Blyth, E.; Carvalhais, N.; Ciais, P.; Dalmonech, D.; Fisher, J. B.; Fisher, R.; Friedlingstein, P.; Hibbard, K.; et al. (Biogeosciences, 2012)

Land Management and Land-cover Change Have impacts of Similar Magnitude On Surface temperature - Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Jammet, Mathilde; Stoy, Paul C.; Estel, Stephan; Pongratz, Julia; Ceschia, Eric; Churkina, Galina; Don, Axel; Erb, KarlHeinz; Ferlicoq, Morgan; Gielen, Bert; Grünwald, Thomas; et al. (Nature Climate Change, 2014)

Catchment Productivity Controls CO2 Emissions From Lakes - Maberly, Stephen C.; Barker, Philip A.; Stott, Andy W.; De Ville, Mitzi M. (Nature Climate Change, 2012)

Consistent Assimilation of Multiple Data Streams in a Carbon Cycle Data Assimilation System - MacBean, Natasha; Peylin, Philippe; Chevallier, Frédéric; Scholze, Marko; Schürmann, Gregor (Geoscientific Model Development, 2016)

Avian-Driven Modification of Seasonal Carbon Cycling At a Tundra Pond in the Hudson Bay Lowlands (Northern Manitoba, Canada) - MacDonald, Lauren A.; Farquharson, Nicole; Hall, Roland I.; Wolfe, Brent B.; Macrae, Merrin L.; Sweetman, Jon N. (Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 2014)

The Human Footprint in the Carbon Cycle of Temperate and Boreal Forests - Magnani, F.; Mencuccini, M.; Borghetti, M.; Berbigier, P.; Berninger, F.; Delzon, S.; Grelle, A.; Hari, P.; Jarvis, P. G.; Kolari, P.; Kowalski, A. S.; Lankreijer, H.; et al. (Nature, 2007)
Keywords: Carbon/*metabolism *Climate *Ecosystem *Human Activities Nitrogen/metabolism Trees/*metabolism

Attenuation of Sinking Particulate Organic Carbon Flux Through the Mesopelagic Ocean - Marsay, C. M.; Sanders, R. J.; Henson, S. A.; Pabortsava, K.; Achterberg, E. P.; Lampitt, R. S. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2015)
Keywords: biological carbon pump mesopelagic particulate organic carbon remineralization

The HadGEM2 Family of Met Office Unified Model Climate Configurations - Martin, G. M.; Bellouin, N.; Collins, W. J.; Culverwell, I. D.; Halloran, P. R.; Hardiman, S. C.; Hinton, T. J.; Jones, C. D.; McDonald, R. E.; McLaren, A. J.; O'Connor, F. M.; Roberts, M. J.; et al. (Geoscientific Model Development, 2011)

Climate Change Feedback On the Future Oceanic CO2 Uptake - Matear, Richard J.; Hirst, Anthony C. (Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 1999)

Carbon Isotopic Composition of Forest Soil Respiration in the Decade Following Bark Beetle and Stem Girdling Disturbances in the Rocky Mountains - Maurer, G. E.; Chan, A. M.; Trahan, N. A.; Moore, D. J.; Bowling, D. R. (Plant, Cell and Environment, 2016)
Keywords: Abies lasiocarpa Dendroctonus ponderosae Picea engelmannii Pinus contorta carbon cycle chronosequence decomposition

Re-assessment of Plant Carbon Dynamics at the Duke Free-Air CO2 Enrichment Site: Interactions of Atmospheric [CO2] With Nitrogen and Water Availability Over Stand Development - McCarthy, H. R.; Oren, R.; Johnsen, K. H.; Gallet-Budynek, A.; Pritchard, S. G.; Cook, C. W.; Ladeau, S. L.; Jackson, R. B.; Finzi, A. C. (New Phytologist, 2010)
Keywords: *Biomass Carbon/*physiology Carbon Dioxide/*physiology Nitrogen/*physiology Photosynthesis/*physiology Plant Transpiration Rain Trees/growth & development/*physiology Water/*physiology

Dependence of the evolution of carbon dynamics in the northern permafrost region on the trajectory of climate change - McGuire, A. David; Lawrence, David M.; Koven, Charles; Clein, Joy S.; Burke, Eleanor; Chen, Guangsheng; Jafarov, Elchin; MacDougall, Andrew H.; Marchenko, Sergey; Nicolsky, Dmitry; Peng, Shushi; Rinke, Annette; et al. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2018)
We applied regional and global-scale biogeochemical models that coupled thaw depth with soil carbon exposure to evaluate the dependence of the evolution of future carbon storage in the northern permafrost region on the trajectory of climate change. Our analysis indicates that the northern permafrost region could act as a net sink for carbon under more aggressive climate change mitigation pathways. Under less aggressive pathways, the region would likely act as a source of soil carbon to the atmosphere, but substantial net losses would not occur until after 2100. These results suggest that effective mitigation efforts during the remainder of this century could attenuate the negative consequences of the permafrost carbon–climate feedback.We conducted a model-based assessment of changes in permafrost area and carbon storage for simulations driven by RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 projections between 2010 and 2299 for the northern permafrost region. All models simulating carbon represented soil with depth, a critical structural feature needed to represent the permafrost carbon–climate feedback, but that is not a universal feature of all climate models. Between 2010 and 2299, simulations indicated losses of permafrost between 3 and 5 million km2 for the RCP4.5 climate and between 6 and 16 million km2 for the RCP8.5 climate. For the RCP4.5 projection, cumulative change in soil carbon varied between 66-Pg C (1015-g carbon) loss to 70-Pg C gain. For the RCP8.5 projection, losses in soil carbon varied between 74 and 652 Pg C (mean loss, 341 Pg C). For the RCP4.5 projection, gains in vegetation carbon were largely responsible for the overall projected net gains in ecosystem carbon by 2299 (8- to 244-Pg C gains). In contrast, for the RCP8.5 projection, gains in vegetation carbon were not great enough to compensate for the losses of carbon projected by four of the five models; changes in ecosystem carbon ranged from a 641-Pg C loss to a 167-Pg C gain (mean, 208-Pg C loss). The models indicate that substantial net losses of ecosystem carbon would not occur until after 2100. This assessment suggests that effective mitigation efforts during the remainder of this century could attenuate the negative consequences of the permafrost carbon–climate feedback.

Using Ecosystem Experiments to Improve Vegetation Models - Medlyn, Belinda E.; Zaehle, Sönke; De Kauwe, Martin G.; Walker, Anthony P.; Dietze, Michael C.; Hanson, Paul J.; Hickler, Thomas; Jain, Atul K.; Luo, Yiqi; Parton, William; Prentice, I. Colin; Thornton, Peter E.; et al. (Nature Climate Change, 2015)

Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project:Comparing Biogeography and Biogeochemistry Models in a Continental-scale Study of Terrestrial Ecosystem Responses to Climate Change and CO2 Doubling - Melillo, J. M.; J. Borchers; J. Chaney; H. Fisher; S. Fox; A. Haxeltine; A. Janetos; D. W. Kicklighter; T. G. F. Kittel; A. D. McGuire; R. McKeown; R. Neilson; et al. (Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 1995)

Climate Change Impacts in the United States: the Third National Climate Assessment - Melillo, J. M.; Richmond, T.; Yohe, G. W. (US Global Change Research Program, 2014)

Present State of Global Wetland Extent and Wetland Methane Modelling: Conclusions From a Model Inter-comparison Project (WETCHIMP) - Melton, J. R.; Wania, R.; Hodson, E. L.; Poulter, B.; Ringeval, B.; Spahni, R.; Bohn, T.; Avis, C. A.; Beerling, D. J.; Chen, G.; Eliseev, A. V.; Denisov, S. N.; et al. (Biogeosciences, 2013)

A U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Plan - Michalak, A.M.; Jackson, R.; Marland, G.; Sabine, C.; Carbon Cycle Science Working Group (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, 2011)

Projection of World Fossil Fuels By Country - Mohr, S. H.; Wang, J.; Ellem, G.; Ward, J.; Giurco, D. (Fuel, 2015)

Persistent Reduced Ecosystem Respiration After Insect Disturbance in High Elevation Forests - Moore, D. J.; Trahan, N. A.; Wilkes, P.; Quaife, T.; Stephens, B. B.; Elder, K.; Desai, A. R.; Negron, J.; Monson, R. K. (Ecology Letters, 2013)
Keywords: Abies Altitude Animals *Beetles Carbon/*metabolism Carbon Dioxide/analysis Colorado *Ecosystem Mortality Pinus Plant Leaves/metabolism *Soil *Trees

Atmospheric Science. Methane On the Rise--again - Nisbet, E. G.; Dlugokencky, E. J.; Bousquet, P. (Science, 2014)
Keywords: Air Atmosphere/*chemistry *Climate Change Coal Geography Greenhouse Effect/prevention & control Humans Industry Methane/*analysis Seasons Wetlands

Forest Response To Elevated CO2 Is Conserved Across a Broad Range of Productivity - Norby, R. J.; Delucia, E. H.; Gielen, B.; Calfapietra, C.; Giardina, C. P.; King, J. S.; Ledford, J.; McCarthy, H. R.; Moore, D. J.; Ceulemans, R.; De Angelis, P.; Finzi, A. C.; et al. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2005)
Keywords: Atmosphere/*chemistry Carbon Dioxide/*analysis *Climate Italy Light *Models, Theoretical Plant Leaves/anatomy & histology/physiology Regression Analysis Time Factors Trees/*growth & development/*metabolism United States

CO2 Enhancement of Forest Productivity Constrained By Limited Nitrogen Availability - Norby, R. J.; Warren, J. M.; Iversen, C. M.; Medlyn, B. E.; McMurtrie, R. E. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2010)
Keywords: Carbon Dioxide/*pharmacology *Ecosystem Fertilization Nitrogen/*pharmacology Tennessee Trees/*growth & development/metabolism

Opportunities to Use Remote Sensing in Understanding Permafrost and Related Ecological Characteristics: Report of a Workshop - NRC (National Research Council, National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2014)

The Strategy of Ecosystem Development - Odum, E. P. (Science, 1969)
Keywords: Adaptation, Biological City Planning *Ecology Homeostasis Models, Theoretical Selection, Genetic Soil Symbiosis

Shifting Discharge Peaks in Arctic Rivers, 1977-2007 - Overeem, Irina; Syvitski, James P. M. (Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography, 2010)

Eutrophication Reverses whole-lake Carbon Budgets - Pacheco, Felipe; Roland, Fabio; Downing, John (Inland Waters, 2014)

How Will Climate Change Affect Wildland Fire Severity in the Western US? - Parks, Sean A.; Miller, Carol; Abatzoglou, John T.; Holsinger, Lisa M.; Parisien, Marc-André; Dobrowski, Solomon Z. (Environmental Research Letters, 2016)

The Potential for CO2-Induced Acidification in Freshwater: A Great Lakes Case Study - Phillips, Jennifer; McKinley, Galen; Bennington, Val; Bootsma, Harvey; Pilcher, Darren; Sterner, Robert; Urban, Noel (Oceanography, 2015)

Evaluation of Terrestrial Carbon Cycle Models For Their Response to Climate Variability and to CO2 Trends - Piao, S.; Sitch, S.; Ciais, P.; Friedlingstein, P.; Peylin, P.; Wang, X.; Ahlstrom, A.; Anav, A.; Canadell, J. G.; Cong, N.; Huntingford, C.; Jung, M.; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2013)
Keywords: *Carbon Cycle Carbon Dioxide/*analysis *Climate Change *Ecosystem *Models, Theoretical Phylogeography Poaceae/*growth & development

Land’s Complex Role in Climate Change - Pielke, Roger A.; Mahmood, Rezaul; McAlpine, Clive (Physics Today, 2016)

Impacts of land cover and climate data selection on understanding terrestrial carbon dynamics and the CO2 airborne fraction - Poulter, B.; Frank, D. C.; Hodson, E. L.; Zimmermann, N. E. (Biogeosciences, 2011)
BG

Global Change and Eutrophication of Coastal Waters - Rabalais, N. N.; Turner, R. E.; Diaz, R. J.; Justic, D. (ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2009)

Multicentury changes in ocean and land contributions to the climate-carbon feedback - Randerson, J. T.; Lindsay, K.; Munoz, E.; Fu, W.; Moore, J. K.; Hoffman, F. M.; Mahowald, N. M.; Doney, S. C. (Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2015)
Abstract Improved constraints on carbon cycle responses to climate change are needed to inform mitigation policy, yet our understanding of how these responses may evolve after 2100 remains highly uncertain. Using the Community Earth System Model (v1.0), we quantified climate-carbon feedbacks from 1850 to 2300 for the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 and its extension. In three simulations, land and ocean biogeochemical processes experienced the same trajectory of increasing atmospheric CO2. Each simulation had a different degree of radiative coupling for CO2 and other greenhouse gases and aerosols, enabling diagnosis of feedbacks. In a fully coupled simulation, global mean surface air temperature increased by 9.3 K from 1850 to 2300, with 4.4 K of this warming occurring after 2100. Excluding CO2, warming from other greenhouse gases and aerosols was 1.6 K by 2300, near a 2 K target needed to avoid dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Ocean contributions to the climate-carbon feedback increased considerably over time and exceeded contributions from land after 2100. The sensitivity of ocean carbon to climate change was found to be proportional to changes in ocean heat content, as a consequence of this heat modifying transport pathways for anthropogenic CO2 inflow and solubility of dissolved inorganic carbon. By 2300, climate change reduced cumulative ocean uptake by 330 Pg C, from 1410 Pg C to 1080 Pg C. Land fluxes similarly diverged over time, with climate change reducing stocks by 232 Pg C. Regional influence of climate change on carbon stocks was largest in the North Atlantic Ocean and tropical forests of South America. Our analysis suggests that after 2100, oceans may become as important as terrestrial ecosystems in regulating the magnitude of the climate-carbon feedback.

The Declining Uptake Rate of Atmospheric CO2 By Land and Ocean Sinks - Raupach, M. R.; Gloor, M.; Sarmiento, J. L.; Canadell, J. G.; Frölicher, T. L.; Gasser, T.; Houghton, R. A.; Le Quéré, C.; Trudinger, C. M. (Biogeosciences, 2014)

Yield Trends Are Insufficient to Double Global Crop Production By 2050 - Ray, D. K.; Mueller, N. D.; West, P. C.; Foley, J. A. (PLoS One, 2013)

Anthropogenic perturbation of the carbon fluxes from land to ocean - Regnier, Pierre; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Ciais, Philippe; Mackenzie, Fred T.; Gruber, Nicolas; Janssens, Ivan A.; Laruelle, Goulven G.; Lauerwald, Ronny; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Andersson, Andreas J.; Arndt, Sandra; Arnosti, Carol; et al. (Nature Geoscience, 2013)

Climate Extremes and the Carbon Cycle - Reichstein, M.; Bahn, M.; Ciais, P.; Frank, D.; Mahecha, M. D.; Seneviratne, S. I.; Zscheischler, J.; Beer, C.; Buchmann, N.; Frank, D. C.; Papale, D.; Rammig, A.; et al. (Nature, 2013)
Keywords: *Carbon Cycle *Climate Change *Ecosystem Plants/metabolism Temperature

Renewed Growth of Atmospheric Methane - Rigby, M.; Prinn, R. G.; Fraser, P. J.; Simmonds, P. G.; Langenfelds, R. L.; Huang, J.; Cunnold, D. M.; Steele, L. P.; Krummel, P. B.; Weiss, R. F.; O'Doherty, S.; Salameh, P. K.; et al. (Geophysical Research Letters, 2008)

Climate-CH4 Feedback From Wetlands and Its Interaction With the Climate-CO2 Feedback - Ringeval, B.; Friedlingstein, P.; Koven, C.; Ciais, P.; de Noblet-Ducoudré, N.; Decharme, B.; Cadule, P. (Biogeosciences, 2011)

North America - Romero-Lankao, P.; J.B. Smith; D.J. Davidson; N.S. Diffenbaugh; P.L. Kinney; P. Kirshen; P. Kovacs; Ruiz, L. Villers (Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014)

Climate Change. Ecosystem Disturbance, Carbon, and Climate - Running, S. W. (Science, 2008)
Keywords: Agriculture Animals Atmosphere *Carbon Carbon Dioxide *Climate Conservation of Natural Resources *Ecosystem Fires Greenhouse Effect Humans Insects *Models, Theoretical Photosynthesis Seasons Trees

The interaction of climate change and methane hydrates - Ruppel, C. D.; Kessler, J. D. (Reviews of Geophysics, 2017)
Gas hydrate, a frozen, naturally-occurring, and highly-concentrated form of methane, sequesters significant carbon in the global system and is stable only over a range of low-temperature and moderate-pressure conditions. Gas hydrate is widespread in the sediments of marine continental margins and permafrost areas, locations where ocean and atmospheric warming may perturb the hydrate stability field and lead to release of the sequestered methane into the overlying sediments and soils. Methane and methane-derived carbon that escape from sediments and soils and reach the atmosphere could exacerbate greenhouse warming. The synergy between warming climate and gas hydrate dissociation feeds a popular perception that global warming could drive catastrophic methane releases from the contemporary gas hydrate reservoir. Appropriate evaluation of the two sides of the climate-methane hydrate synergy requires assessing direct and indirect observational data related to gas hydrate dissociation phenomena and numerical models that track the interaction of gas hydrates/methane with the ocean and/or atmosphere. Methane hydrate is likely undergoing dissociation now on global upper continental slopes and on continental shelves that ring the Arctic Ocean. Many factors-the depth of the gas hydrates in sediments, strong sediment and water column sinks, and the inability of bubbles emitted at the seafloor to deliver methane to the sea-air interface in most cases-mitigate the impact of gas hydrate dissociation on atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations though. There is no conclusive proof that hydrate-derived methane is reaching the atmosphere now, but more observational data and improved numerical models will better characterize the climate-hydrate synergy in the future.
Es2lw Times Cited:32 Cited References Count:367
Keywords: gulf-of-mexico eocene thermal maximum carbon-isotope excursion oceanic anoxic event accelerator mass-spectrometry ice-bearing permafrost cold-seep carbonates gas-hydrate sea-floor atmospheric methane

Poleward Displacement of Coastal Upwelling-favorable Winds in the Ocean's Eastern Boundary Currents Through the 21st Century - Rykaczewski, Ryan R.; Dunne, John P.; Sydeman, William J.; García-Reyes, Marisol; Black, Bryan A.; Bograd, Steven J. (Geophysical Research Letters, 2015)

The Oceanic Sink For Anthropogenic CO2 - Sabine, C. L.; Feely, R. A.; Gruber, N.; Key, R. M.; Lee, K.; Bullister, J. L.; Wanninkhof, R.; Wong, C. S.; Wallace, D. W.; Tilbrook, B.; Millero, F. J.; Peng, T. H.; et al. (Science, 2004)
Keywords: Animals Atmosphere Calcification, Physiologic Calcium Carbonate/analysis Carbon/analysis/metabolism Carbon Dioxide/*analysis Fossil Fuels Hydrogen-Ion Concentration *Industry Oceans and Seas Seawater/*chemistry Temperature

The Growing Role of Methane in Anthropogenic Climate Change - Saunois, M.; Jackson, R. B.; Bousquet, P.; Poulter, B.; Canadell, J. G. (Environmental Research Letters, 2016)

Amount and timing of permafrost carbon release in response to climate warming - Schaefer, Kevin; Zhang, Tingjun; Bruhwiler, Lori; Barrett, Andrew P. (Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 2011)

Effect of increasing CO2 on the terrestrial carbon cycle - Schimel, David; Stephens, Britton B.; Fisher, Joshua B. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2015)
Feedbacks from terrestrial ecosystems to atmospheric CO2 concentrations contribute the second-largest uncertainty to projections of future climate. These feedbacks, acting over huge regions and long periods of time, are extraordinarily difficult to observe and quantify directly. We evaluated in situ, atmospheric, and simulation estimates of the effect of CO2 on carbon storage, subject to mass balance constraints. Multiple lines of evidence suggest significant tropical uptake for CO2, approximately balancing net deforestation and confirming a substantial negative global feedback to atmospheric CO2 and climate. This reconciles two approaches that have previously produced contradictory results. We provide a consistent explanation of the impacts of CO2 on terrestrial carbon across the 12 orders of magnitude between plant stomata and the global carbon cycle.Feedbacks from the terrestrial carbon cycle significantly affect future climate change. The CO2 concentration dependence of global terrestrial carbon storage is one of the largest and most uncertain feedbacks. Theory predicts the CO2 effect should have a tropical maximum, but a large terrestrial sink has been contradicted by analyses of atmospheric CO2 that do not show large tropical uptake. Our results, however, show significant tropical uptake and, combining tropical and extratropical fluxes, suggest that up to 60% of the present-day terrestrial sink is caused by increasing atmospheric CO2. This conclusion is consistent with a validated subset of atmospheric analyses, but uncertainty remains. Improved model diagnostics and new space-based observations can reduce the uncertainty of tropical and temperate zone carbon flux estimates. This analysis supports a significant feedback to future atmospheric CO2 concentrations from carbon uptake in terrestrial ecosystems caused by rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This feedback will have substantial tropical contributions, but the magnitude of future carbon uptake by tropical forests also depends on how they respond to climate change and requires their protection from deforestation.

Climate Change: High Risk of Permafrost Thaw - Schuur, E. A.; Abbott, B. (Nature, 2011)
Keywords: Arctic Regions Carbon Dioxide/chemistry Ecosystem *Freezing *Global Warming Methane/chemistry Soil/*chemistry

Expert assessment of vulnerability of permafrost carbon to climate change - Schuur, E. A. G.; Abbott, B. W.; Bowden, W. B.; Brovkin, V.; Camill, P.; Canadell, J. G.; Chanton, J. P.; Chapin, F. S., III; Christensen, T. R.; Ciais, P.; Crosby, B. T.; Czimczik, C. I.; et al. (Climatic Change, 2013)

Vulnerability of permafrost carbon to climate change: Implications for the global carbon cycle - Schuur, E. A. G.; Bockheim, J.; Canadell, J. G.; Euskirchen, E.; Field, C. B.; Goryachkin, S. V.; Hagemann, S.; Kuhry, P.; Lafleur, P. M.; Lee, H.; Mazhitova, G.; Nelson, F. E.; et al. (Bioscience, 2008)

Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback - Schuur, E. A. G.; McGuire, A. D.; Schädel, C.; Grosse, G.; Harden, J. W.; Hayes, D. J.; Hugelius, G.; Koven, C. D.; Kuhry, P.; Lawrence, D. M.; Natali, S. M.; Olefeldt, D.; et al. (Nature, 2015)

Nonlinearity of Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models - Schwinger, J.; Tjiputra, J. F.; Heinze, C.; Bopp, L.; Christian, J. R.; Gehlen, M.; Ilyina, T.; Jones, C. D.; Salas-Melia, D.; Segschneider, J.; Seferian, R.; Totterdell, I. (Journal of Climate, 2014)
Keywords: atmospheric CO2 climate-change dioxide seawater thermodynamics dissociation circulation export water acid

Mexico’s Climate Change Mid-Century Strategy - SEMARNAT-INECC (Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT) and National Institute of Ecology and Climate Change (INECC), Mexico City, Mexico,, 2016)

The Arctic Amplification Debate - Serreze, Mark C.; Francis, Jennifer A. (Climatic Change, 2006)

Terrestrial and Inland Water Systems - Settele, J.; Scholes, R.; Betts, R.; Bunn, S.E.; Leadley, P.; Nepstad, D.; Overpeck, J.T.; Taboada, M.A. (Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change, 2014)

Natural and Human-induced Disturbance of Seagrasses - Short, Frederick T.; Wyllie-Echeverria, Sandy (Environmental Conservation, 1996)

Diagnosing Present and Future Permafrost from Climate Models - Slater, Andrew G.; Lawrence, David M. (Journal of Climate, 2013)

How Much Land-based Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Can Be Achieved Without Compromising Food Security and Environmental Goals? - Smith, P.; Haberl, H.; Popp, A.; Erb, K. H.; Lauk, C.; Harper, R.; Tubiello, F. N.; de Siqueira Pinto, A.; Jafari, M.; Sohi, S.; Masera, O.; Bottcher, H.; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2013)
Keywords: *Agriculture *Climate Change Conservation of Natural Resources Ecosystem *Food Supply *Forestry *Gases Greenhouse Effect/*prevention & control Humans Afolu Ghg agriculture climate ecosystem services food security forestry mitigation

Wildland Fire Emissions, Carbon, and Climate: Science Overview and Knowledge Needs - Sommers, William T.; Loehman, Rachel A.; Hardy, Colin C. (Forest Ecology and Management, 2014)

Seasonal and Spatial Variability in Dissolved Organic Matter Quantity and Composition From the Yukon River Basin, Alaska - Spencer, Robert G. M.; Aiken, George R.; Wickland, Kimberly P.; Striegl, Robert G.; Hernes, Peter J. (Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2008)

Multiple Greenhouse-gas Feedbacks From the Land Biosphere Under Future Climate Change Scenarios - Stocker, Benjamin D.; Roth, Raphael; Joos, Fortunat; Spahni, Renato; Steinacher, Marco; Zaehle, Soenke; Bouwman, Lex; Xu, Ri; Prentice, Iain Colin (Nature Climate Change, 2013)

Investigating the Causes of the Response of the Thermohaline Circulation to Past and Future Climate Changes - Stouffer, R. J.; Yin, J.; Gregory, J. M.; Dixon, K. W.; Spelman, M. J.; Hurlin, W.; Weaver, A. J.; Eby, M.; Flato, G. M.; Hasumi, H.; Hu, A.; Jungclaus, J. H.; et al. (Journal of Climate, 2006)

Impact of Hydrological Variations On Modeling of Peatland CO2 Fluxes: Results From the North American Carbon Program Site Synthesis - Sulman, Benjamin N.; Desai, Ankur R.; Schroeder, Nicole M.; Ricciuto, Dan; Barr, Alan; Richardson, Andrew D.; Flanagan, Lawrence B.; Lafleur, Peter M.; Tian, Hanqin; Chen, Guangsheng; Grant, Robert F.; Poulter, Benjamin; et al. (Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 2012)

Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Ozone Alter Productivity and Ecosystem Carbon Content in Northern Temperate Forests - Talhelm, A. F.; Pregitzer, K. S.; Kubiske, M. E.; Zak, D. R.; Campany, C. E.; Burton, A. J.; Dickson, R. E.; Hendrey, G. R.; Isebrands, J. G.; Lewin, K. F.; Nagy, J.; Karnosky, D. F. (Global Change Biology, 2014)
Keywords: Acer/drug effects/growth & development Air Pollutants/*pharmacology Betula/drug effects/growth & development Biomass Carbon/*analysis Carbon Dioxide/*pharmacology Ecosystem *Forests Models, Theoretical Ozone/*pharmacology Soil/chemistry Trees/*drug effects/growth & development United States air pollution carbon sequestration carbon storage elevated carbon dioxide (CO2 ) free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) net primary productivity (NPP) nitrogen soil carbon

Ecosystem Carbon Stocks and Sequestration Potential of Federal Lands Across the Conterminous United States - Tan, Z.; Liu, S.; Sohl, T. L.; Wu, Y.; Young, C. J. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2015)
Keywords: *Carbon *Climate Change *Forests *Grassland United States biogeochemical modeling ecosystem carbon dynamics federal lands land use and land cover nonfederal lands

Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region - Tarnocai, C.; Canadell, J. G.; Schuur, E. A. G.; Kuhry, P.; Mazhitova, G.; Zimov, S. (Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2009)
Keywords: carbon content carbon-climate feedback carbon pools climate change peatlands permafrost soils 0486 Soils/pedology 0702 Permafrost 0712 Cryosol 1621 Cryospheric change 9315 Arctic region

Mycorrhizal Association As a Primary Control of the CO2 Fertilization Effect - Terrer, C.; Vicca, S.; Hungate, B. A.; Phillips, R. P.; Prentice, I. C. (Science, 2016)
Keywords: *Biomass Carbon Cycle Carbon Dioxide/*metabolism *Climate Change *Fertilization Mycorrhizae/*physiology Nitrogen/metabolism

Changes in Soil Biogeochemistry Following Disturbance By Girdling and Mountain Pine Beetles in Subalpine Forests - Trahan, N. A.; Dynes, E. L.; Pugh, E.; Moore, D. J.; Monson, R. K. (Oecologia, 2015)
Keywords: Animals *Beetles Biomass *Carbon/metabolism Carbon Cycle Environment *Forests Nitrates/metabolism *Nitrogen/metabolism Nitrogen Cycle North America *Phosphorus/metabolism Pinus/metabolism/*physiology Plant Diseases *Soil/chemistry Soil Microbiology Stress, Physiological Trees/metabolism/physiology

Lakes and reservoirs as regulators of carbon cycling and climate - Tranvik, L. J.; Downing, J. A.; Cotner, J. B.; Loiselle, S. A.; Striegl, R. G.; Ballatore, T. J.; Dillon, P.; Finlay, K.; Fortino, K.; Knoll, L. B.; Kortelainen, P. L.; Kutser, T.; et al. (Limnology and Oceanography, 2009)
Keywords: dissolved organic-carbon greenhouse-gas emissions nitrous-oxide N2O global sea-level boreal lakes atmospheric CO2 arctic lakes hydroelectric reservoirs sediment respiration aquatic ecosystems

Climate Change (Communication Arising): Terrestrial Export of Organic Carbon - Tranvik, L. J.; Jansson, M. (Nature, 2002)

Second Biennial Report of the United States of America Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change - U.S. Department of State (2016)

Climate Change in the United States: Benefits of Global Action - U.S. EPA (2015)

Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2014 - U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2016)

Convention On the Law of the Sea - United Nations General Assembly (1982)

Major Land Uses of the United States, US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service, Washington, DC - USDA (2017)

Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I - USGCRP (U.S. Global Change Research Program, 2017)

The National Global Change Research Plan 2012-2021: a Triennial Update - USGCRP (2017)

Drought and Ecosystem Carbon Cycling - van der Molen, M. K.; Dolman, A. J.; Ciais, P.; Eglin, T.; Gobron, N.; Law, B. E.; Meir, P.; Peters, W.; Phillips, O. L.; Reichstein, M.; Chen, T.; Dekker, S. C.; et al. (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2011)

Faster Decomposition Under Increased Atmospheric CO2 Limits Soil Carbon Storage - van Groenigen, K. J.; Qi, X.; Osenberg, C. W.; Luo, Y.; Hungate, B. A. (Science, 2014)
Keywords: Atmosphere/*chemistry *Carbon Cycle Carbon Dioxide/*chemistry Climate Change Soil/*chemistry

Widespread Increase of Tree Mortality Rates in the Western United States - van Mantgem, P. J.; Stephenson, N. L.; Byrne, J. C.; Daniels, L. D.; Franklin, J. F.; Fule, P. Z.; Harmon, M. E.; Larson, A. J.; Smith, J. M.; Taylor, A. H.; Veblen, T. T. (Science, 2009)
Keywords: Abies/anatomy & histology/growth & development *Climate *Coniferophyta/anatomy & histology/growth & development *Ecosystem Fires Models, Statistical Nonlinear Dynamics Northwestern United States Pinus/anatomy & histology/growth & development Temperature *Trees/growth & development Tsuga/anatomy & histology/growth & development United States

The Representative Concentration Pathways: an Overview - van Vuuren, Detlef P.; Edmonds, Jae; Kainuma, Mikiko; Riahi, Keywan; Thomson, Allison; Hibbard, Kathy; Hurtt, George C.; Kram, Tom; Krey, Volker; Lamarque, Jean-Francois; Masui, Toshihiko; Meinshausen, Malte; et al. (Climatic Change, 2011)

U.S. forest sector Greenhouse Mitigation Potential and Implications For Intended Nationally Determined Contributions - van Winkle, C.; Baker, J.; Lapidus, D.; Ohrel, S.; Steller, J.; Latta, G.; Birur, D. (RTI Press Publication No. OP-0033-1705. Research Triangle Park, NC: RTI Press, 2017)

Effects of Climate Change On Lakes, in Encyclopedia of Inland Waters - Vincent, W.F. (Elsevier Oxford, 2009)

Global Threats to Human Water Security and River Biodiversity - Vorosmarty, C. J.; McIntyre, P. B.; Gessner, M. O.; Dudgeon, D.; Prusevich, A.; Green, P.; Glidden, S.; Bunn, S. E.; Sullivan, C. A.; Liermann, C. R.; Davies, P. M. (Nature, 2010)
Keywords: Animals *Biodiversity Conservation of Natural Resources/methods/*statistics & numerical data Fisheries Geography *Internationality Population Density *Rivers *Water Supply

Predicting Long-term Carbon Sequestration in Response to CO2 Enrichment: How and Why Do Current Ecosystem Models Differ? - Walker, Anthony P.; Zaehle, Sönke; Medlyn, Belinda E.; De Kauwe, Martin G.; Asao, Shinichi; Hickler, Thomas; Parton, William; Ricciuto, Daniel M.; Wang, Ying-Ping; Wårlind, David; Norby, Richard J. (Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2015)

MIROC-ESM 2010: Model Description and Basic Results of CMIP5-20c3m Experiments - Watanabe, S.; Hajima, T.; Sudo, K.; Nagashima, T.; Takemura, T.; Okajima, H.; Nozawa, T.; Kawase, H.; Abe, M.; Yokohata, T.; Ise, T.; Sato, H.; et al. (Geoscientific Model Development, 2011)

Land Use, Land-use Change, and Forestry - a Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC) - Watson, R.T.; Noble, I.R.; Bolin, B.; Ravindranath, N.H.; Verardo, D.J.; Dokken, D.J. (2000)

Forecasts of County-level Land Uses Under Three Future Scenarios: a Technical Document Supporting the Forest Service 2010 RPA Assessment - Wear, D. N. (2011)

Rising pCO2 in Freshwater Ecosystems Has the Potential to Negatively Affect Predator-Induced Defenses in Daphnia - Weiss, L. C.; Potter, L.; Steiger, A.; Kruppert, S.; Frost, U.; Tollrian, R. (Current Biology, 2018)
Anthropogenically released CO2 accumulates in the global carbon cycle and is anticipated to imbalance global carbon fluxes [1]. For example, increased atmospheric CO2 induces a net air-to-sea flux where the oceans take up large amounts of atmospheric CO2 (i.e., ocean acidification [2-5]). Research on ocean acidification is ongoing, and studies have demonstrated the consequences for ecosystems and organismal biology with major impacts on marine food webs, nutrient cycles, overall productivity, and biodiversity [6-9]. Yet, surprisingly little is known about the impact of anthropogenically caused CO2 on freshwater systems due to their more complex biogeochemistry. The current consensus, yet lacking data evidence, is that anthropogenic CO2 does indeed affect freshwater carbon hydrogeochemistry, causing increased pCO2 in freshwater bodies [10-13]. We analyzed long-term data from four freshwater reservoirs and observed a continuous pCO2 increase associated with a decrease in pH, indicating that not only the oceans but also inland waters are accumulating CO2. We tested the effect of pCO2-dependent freshwater acidification using the cosmopolite crustacean Daphnia. For general validity, control pCO2-levels were based on the present global pCO2 average. Treatments were selected with very high pCO2 levels, assuming a continuous non-linear increase of pCO2, reflecting worst-case-scenario future pCO2 levels. Such levels of elevated pCO2 reduced the ability of Daphnia to sense its predators and form adequate inducible defenses. We furthermore determined that pCO2 and not the resulting reduction in pH impairs predator perception. If pCO2 alters chemical communication between freshwater species, this perturbs intra- and interspecific information transfer, which may affect all trophic levels.
Weiss, Linda C Potter, Leonie Steiger, Annika Kruppert, Sebastian Frost, Uwe Tollrian, Ralph eng England 2018/01/18 06:00 Curr Biol. 2018 Jan 22;28(2):327-332.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.022. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
Keywords: Chaoborus Daphnia longicephala Daphnia pulex Notonecta climate change freshwater acidification inducible defenses pCO(2) pH phenotypic plasticity

Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity - Westerling, A. L.; Hidalgo, H. G.; Cayan, D. R.; Swetnam, T. W. (Science, 2006)

Impact of Summer Warming On the Thermal Characteristics of a Polymictic Lake and Consequences For Oxygen, Nutrients and Phytoplankton - Wilhelm, Susann; Adrian, Rita (Freshwater Biology, 2007)

Disturbance and the Carbon Balance of US Forests: a Quantitative Review of Impacts From Harvests, Fires, Insects, and Droughts - Williams, Christopher A.; Gu, Huan; MacLean, Richard; Masek, Jeffrey G.; Collatz, G. James (Global and Planetary Change, 2016)

Warm Spring Reduced Carbon Cycle Impact of the 2012 US Summer Drought - Wolf, S.; Keenan, T. F.; Fisher, J. B.; Baldocchi, D. D.; Desai, A. R.; Richardson, A. D.; Scott, R. L.; Law, B. E.; Litvak, M. E.; Brunsell, N. A.; Peters, W.; van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2016)
Keywords: Carbon *Carbon Cycle Carbon Dioxide *Droughts Ecosystem Hot Springs biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks carbon uptake ecosystem fluxes eddy covariance seasonal climate anomalies

Enhanced Warming Over the Global Subtropical Western Boundary Currents - Wu, Lixin; Cai, Wenju; Zhang, Liping; Nakamura, Hisashi; Timmermann, Axel; Joyce, Terry; McPhaden, Michael J.; Alexander, Michael; Qiu, Bo; Visbeck, Martin; Chang, Ping; Giese, Benjamin (Nature Climate Change, 2012)

Carbon–nitrogen Interactions On Land At Global Scales: Current Understanding in Modelling Climate Biosphere Feedbacks - Zaehle, Sönke; Dalmonech, Daniela (Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2011)

Evaluation of 11 Terrestrial Carbon-nitrogen Cycle Models Against Observations From Two Temperate Free-Air CO2 Enrichment Studies - Zaehle, S.; Medlyn, B. E.; De Kauwe, M. G.; Walker, A. P.; Dietze, M. C.; Hickler, T.; Luo, Y.; Wang, Y. P.; El-Masri, B.; Thornton, P.; Jain, A.; Wang, S.; et al. (New Phytologist, 2014)
Keywords: *Air Atmosphere/chemistry Biomass Carbon/metabolism *Carbon Cycle Carbon Dioxide/*metabolism *Ecosystem Models, Biological Nitrogen/metabolism *Nitrogen Cycle Time Factors CO2 fertilization Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) carbon (C) storage ecosystem modelling elevated CO2 model evaluation nitrogen (N) limitation plant physiology

Impact of 1998-2002 Midlatitude Drought and Warming On Terrestrial Ecosystem and the Global Carbon Cycle - Zeng, Ning; Qian, Haifeng; Roedenbeck, Christian; Heimann, Martin (Geophysical Research Letters, 2005)

Baseline and Projected Future Carbon Storage and Greenhouse-gas Fluxes in Ecosystems of Alaska - Zhu, Z.; McGuire, A.D. (U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1826, 2016)

Impact of Large-scale Climate Extremes On Biospheric Carbon Fluxes: an Intercomparison Based On MsTMIP Data - Zscheischler, Jakob; Michalak, Anna M.; Schwalm, Christopher; Mahecha, Miguel D.; Huntzinger, Deborah N.; Reichstein, Markus; Berthier, Gwenaëlle; Ciais, Philippe; Cook, Robert B.; El-Masri, Bassil; Huang, Maoyi; Ito, Akihiko; et al. (Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2014)

Climate, ecosystems, and planetary futures: The challenge to predict life in Earth system models - Bonan, G. B.; Doney, S. C. (Science, 2018)
Many global change stresses on terrestrial and marine ecosystems affect not only ecosystem services that are essential to humankind, but also the trajectory of future climate by altering energy and mass exchanges with the atmosphere. Earth system models, which simulate terrestrial and marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles, offer a common framework for ecological research related to climate processes; analyses of vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation; and climate change mitigation. They provide an opportunity to move beyond physical descriptors of atmospheric and oceanic states to societally relevant quantities such as wildfire risk, habitat loss, water availability, and crop, fishery, and timber yields. To achieve this, the science of climate prediction must be extended to a more multifaceted Earth system prediction that includes the biosphere and its resources.
Bonan, Gordon B Doney, Scott C eng Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Review 2018/02/09 06:00 Science. 2018 Feb 2;359(6375). pii: 359/6375/eaam8328. doi: 10.1126/science.aam8328. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
Keywords: *Climate Change *Earth (Planet) *Ecosystem *Life Models, Biological Oceans and Seas

Dominance of the Southern Ocean in Anthropogenic Carbon and Heat Uptake in CMIP5 Models - Frölicher, Thomas L.; Sarmiento, Jorge L.; Paynter, David J.; Dunne, John P.; Krasting, John P.; Winton, Michael (Journal of Climate, 2015)

State Drought Losses have Significant Impacts on Overall Economy. Publication PEF 2011-2. - Jones, D. D; Amosson, S.; Mayfield, G. (2011)

The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 - Meinshausen, Malte; Smith, S. J.; Calvin, K.; Daniel, J. S.; Kainuma, M. L. T.; Lamarque, J. F.; Matsumoto, K.; Montzka, S. A.; Raper, S. C. B.; Riahi, K.; Thomson, A.; Velders, G. J. M.; et al. (Climatic Change, 2011)

Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States - NASEM (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DC. The National Academies Press, 2018)
Understanding, quantifying, and tracking atmospheric methane and emissions is essential for addressing concerns and informing decisions that affect the climate, economy, and human health and safety. Atmospheric methane is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) that contributes to global warming. While carbon dioxide is by far the dominant cause of the rise in global average temperatures, methane also plays a significant role because it absorbs more energy per unit mass than carbon dioxide does, giving it a disproportionately large effect on global radiative forcing. In addition to contributing to climate change, methane also affects human health as a precursor to ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere. Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States summarizes the current state of understanding of methane emissions sources and the measurement approaches and evaluates opportunities for methodological and inventory development improvements. This report will inform future research agendas of various U.S. agencies, including NOAA, the EPA, the DOE, NASA, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Keywords: Earth Sciences Environment and Environmental Studies

Widening of the tropical belt in a changing climate - Seidel, Dian J.; Fu, Qiang; Randel, William J.; Reichler, Thomas J. (Nature Geoscience, 2008)

Regional projections of the likelihood of very large wildland fires under a changing climate in the contiguous Western United States - Stavros, E. Natasha; Abatzoglou, John T.; McKenzie, Donald; Larkin, Narasimhan K. (Climatic Change, 2014)

Global Warming and the Weakening of the Tropical Circulation - Vecchi, Gabriel A.; Soden, Brian J. (Journal of Climate, 2007)

Ocean Acidification: the Other CO2 Problem - Doney, S. C.; Fabry, V. J.; Feely, R. A.; Kleypas, J. A. (Annual Review of Marine Science, 2009)
Keywords: Acids/chemistry Animals Carbon Cycle Carbon Dioxide/*chemistry/metabolism Carbonates/metabolism *Ecosystem Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Invertebrates/physiology Oceans and Seas Seawater/*chemistry

Increases in the Flux of Carbon Belowground Stimulate Nitrogen Uptake and Sustain the Long-term Enhancement of Forest Productivity Under Elevated CO2 - Drake, J. E.; Gallet-Budynek, A.; Hofmockel, K. S.; Bernhardt, E. S.; Billings, S. A.; Jackson, R. B.; Johnsen, K. S.; Lichter, J.; McCarthy, H. R.; McCormack, M. L.; Moore, D. J.; Oren, R.; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2011)
Keywords: Biomass Carbon/*metabolism Carbon Cycle Carbon Dioxide/*metabolism Climate Ecosystem Nitrogen/*metabolism Nitrogen Cycle North Carolina Plant Roots Soil Microbiology Trees/*growth & development

Quantifying Carbon Cycle Feedbacks - Gregory, J. M.; Jones, C. D.; Cadule, P.; Friedlingstein, P. (Journal of Climate, 2009)

International Land Model Benchmarking (ILAMB) 2016 Workshop Report. Technical Report DOE/SC-0186. U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Germantown, Maryland, USA. - Hoffman, Forrest M.; Koven, Charles D.; Keppel-Aleks, Gretchen; Lawrence, David M.; Riley, William J.; Randerson, James T.; Ahlström, Anders; Abramowitz, Gabriel; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Best, Martin J.; Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin; De Kauwe, Martin G.; et al. (2017)

Cumulative Response of Ecosystem Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks to Chronic CO2 Exposure in a Subtropical Oak Woodland - Hungate, B. A.; Dijkstra, P.; Wu, Z.; Duval, B. D.; Day, F. P.; Johnson, D. W.; Megonigal, J. P.; Brown, A. L.; Garland, J. L. (New Phytologist, 2013)
Keywords: Atmosphere Carbon/*metabolism Carbon Cycle Carbon Dioxide/*metabolism Ecosystem *Environment Fires Nitrogen/*metabolism Nitrogen Cycle Photosynthesis Quercus/growth & development/*metabolism Soil/*chemistry *Soil Microbiology Trees Tropical Climate carbon cycling elevated CO2 global change long-term experiment nitrogen cycling scrub oak soil carbon subtropical woodland

Predictability of the Terrestrial Carbon Cycle - Luo, Y.; Keenan, T. F.; Smith, M. (Global Change Biology, 2015)
Keywords: Carbon Cycle/*physiology *Climate Change *Ecosystem *Models, Theoretical Photosynthesis/physiology climate change data assimilation data-model fusion disturbance events and regimes mathematical model of carbon cycle model tractability and traceability parameterization soil carbon dynamics vegetation

Will U.S. Forests Continue to Be a Carbon Sink? - Tian, Xiaohui; Sohngen, Brent; Baker, Justin; Ohrel, Sara; Fawcett, Allen A. (Land Economics, 2018)

Global Climate Change Impacts on Forests and Markets - Tian, Xiaohui; Sohngen, Brent; Kim, John B.; Ohrel, Sara; Cole, Jefferson (Environmental Research Letters, 2016)

Preliminary Carbon Budgets For the Laurentian Great Lakes - McKinley, Galen; Urban, Noel; Bennington, Val; Pilcher, Darren; McDonald, Cory (Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry News, 2011)

Permafrost and the global carbon budget - Zimov, S. A.; Schuur, E. A. G.; Chapin, F. S. (Science, 2006)

Cold season emissions dominate the Arctic tundra methane budget - Zona, Donatella; Gioli, Beniamino; Commane, Róisín; Lindaas, Jakob; Wofsy, Steven C.; Miller, Charles E.; Dinardo, Steven J.; Dengel, Sigrid; Sweeney, Colm; Karion, Anna; Chang, Rachel Y.-W.; Henderson, John M.; et al. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2016)

The vegetation greenness trend in Canada and US Alaska from 1984–2012 Landsat data - Ju, Junchang; Masek, Jeffrey G. (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2016)
Keywords: Landsat NDVI Vegetation greenness trend Tundra Boreal forest AVHRR

Three decades of global methane sources and sinks - Kirschke, Stefanie; Bousquet, Philippe; Ciais, Philippe; Saunois, Marielle; Canadell, Josep G.; Dlugokencky, Edward J.; Bergamaschi, Peter; Bergmann, Daniel; Blake, Donald R.; Bruhwiler, Lori; Cameron-Smith, Philip; Castaldi, Simona; et al. (Nature Geoscience, 2013)

No significant increase in long-term CH4 emissions on North Slope of Alaska despite significant increase in air temperature - Sweeney, Colm; Dlugokencky, Edward; Miller, Charles E.; Wofsy, Steven; Karion, Anna; Dinardo, Steve; Chang, Rachel Y. W.; Miller, John B.; Bruhwiler, Lori; Crotwell, Andrew M.; Newberger, Tim; McKain, Kathryn; et al. (Geophysical Research Letters, 2016)
Keywords: methane Arctic climate change permafrost 0315 Biosphere/atmosphere interactions 0365 Troposphere: composition and chemistry 1637 Regional climate change 1615 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling 1616 Climate variability

Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region - Tarnocai, C.; Canadell, J. G.; Schuur, E. A. G.; Kuhry, P.; Mazhitova, G.; Zimov, S. (Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2009)
Keywords: carbon content carbon-climate feedback carbon pools climate change peatlands permafrost soils 0486 Soils/pedology 0702 Permafrost 0712 Cryosol 1621 Cryospheric change 9315 Arctic region

Effects of permafrost aggradation on peat properties as determined from a pan-Arctic synthesis of plant macrofossils - Treat, C. C.; Jones, M. C.; Camill, P.; Gallego-Sala, A.; Garneau, M.; Harden, J. W.; Hugelius, G.; Klein, E. S.; Kokfelt, U.; Kuhry, P.; Loisel, J.; Mathijssen, P. J. H.; et al. (Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 2016)

Experimental Drying Intensifies Burning and Carbon Losses in a Northern Peatland - Turetsky, M. R.; Donahue, W. F.; Benscoter, B. W. (Nature Communications, 2011)
Keywords: Carbon/*analysis Ecosystem *Fires Soil/*analysis

Recent acceleration of biomass burning and carbon losses in Alaskan forests and peatlands - Turetsky, Merritt R.; Kane, Evan S.; Harden, Jennifer W.; Ottmar, Roger D.; Manies, Kristen L.; Hoy, Elizabeth; Kasischke, Eric S. (Nature Geoscience, 2011)

Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997–2009) - van der Werf, G. R.; Randerson, J. T.; Giglio, L.; Collatz, G. J.; Mu, M.; Kasibhatla, P. S.; Morton, D. C.; DeFries, R. S.; Jin, Y.; van Leeuwen, T. T. (Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2010)

Biomass burning fuel consumption rates: a field measurement database - van Leeuwen, T. T.; van der Werf, G. R.; Hoffmann, A. A.; Detmers, R. G.; Rücker, G.; French, N. H. F.; Archibald, S.; Carvalho Jr, J. A.; Cook, G. D.; de Groot, W. J.; Hély, C.; Kasischke, E. S.; et al. (Biogeosciences, 2014)

The Circumpolar Arctic vegetation map - Walker, Donald A.; Raynolds, Martha K.; Daniëls, Fred J. A.; Einarsson, Eythor; Elvebakk, Arve; Gould, William A.; Katenin, Adrian E.; Kholod, Sergei S.; Markon, Carl J.; Melnikov, Evgeny S.; Moskalenko, Natalia G.; Talbot, Stephen S.; et al. (Journal of Vegetation Science, 2009)
Keywords: AVHRR Bioclimate zone Geographic information system Plant functional type Radiometer Tundra

Methane emissions proportional to permafrost carbon thawed in Arctic lakes since the 1950s - Walter Anthony, Katey; Daanen, Ronald; Anthony, Peter; Schneider von Deimling, Thomas; Ping, Chien-Lu; Chanton, Jeffrey P.; Grosse, Guido (Nature Geoscience, 2016)

Geologic methane seeps along boundaries of Arctic permafrost thaw and melting glaciers - Walter Anthony, Katey M.; Anthony, Peter; Grosse, Guido; Chanton, Jeffrey (Nature Geoscience, 2012)

Thermokarst Lakes as a Source of Atmospheric CH4 During the Last Deglaciation - Walter, K. M.; Edwards, M. E.; Grosse, G.; Zimov, S. A.; Chapin, F. S. (Science, 2007)

Effects of permafrost thawing on vegetation and soil carbon pool losses on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China - Wang, Genxu; Li, Yuanshou; Wang, Yibo; Wu, Qingbo (Geoderma, 2008)
Keywords: Soil organic carbon pool Permafrost degradation Alpine vegetative cover Qinghai–Tibet plateau

Climate-sensitive northern lakes and ponds are critical components of methane release - Wik, Martin; Varner, Ruth K.; Anthony, Katey Walter; MacIntyre, Sally; Bastviken, David (Nature Geoscience, 2016)

Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World - World Wildlife Fund (2012)

A multi-scale comparison of modeled and observed seasonal methane emissions in northern wetlands - Xu, X.; Riley, W. J.; Koven, C. D.; Billesbach, D. P.; Chang, R. Y. W.; Commane, R.; Euskirchen, E. S.; Hartery, S.; Harazono, Y.; Iwata, H.; McDonald, K. C.; Miller, C. E.; et al. (Biogeosciences, 2016)

Climatic thresholds shape northern high‐latitude fire regimes and imply vulnerability to future climate change - Young, Adam M; Higuera, Philip E; Duffy, Paul A; Hu, Feng Sheng (Ecography, 2016)

How have past fire disturbances contributed to the current carbon balance of boreal ecosystems? - Yue, C.; Ciais, P.; Zhu, D.; Wang, T.; Peng, S. S.; Piao, S. L. (Biogeosciences, 2016)

Further statistics on the distribution of permafrost and ground ice in the Northern Hemisphere - Zhang, T.; Heginbottom, J. A.; Barry, R. G.; Brown, J. (Polar Geography, 2000)

CO2 and CH4 exchanges between land ecosystems and the atmosphere in northern high latitudes over the 21st century - Zhuang, Qianlai; Melillo, Jerry M.; Sarofim, Marcus C.; Kicklighter, David W.; McGuire, A. David; Felzer, Benjamin S.; Sokolov, Andrei; Prinn, Ronald G.; Steudler, Paul A.; Hu, Shaomin (Geophysical Research Letters, 2006)